Với một số người học, ngữ pháp về dạng câu tường thuật trong tiếng Anh có lẽ khá rắc rối và khó nhớ. Tuy nhiên, các bạn hoàn toàn có thể chinh phục và vận dụng kiến thức ngữ pháp này hiệu quả nếu thường xuyên làm các dạng bài tập liên quan. Bài viết sau sẽ tổng hợp các bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp bạn có thể tham khảo.
Là mẫu câu thuật lại chính xác những gì người nói muốn truyền đạt, thường là câu trích dẫn được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.
Ví dụ:
Là mẫu câu dùng để thuật lại lời của người nào đó một cách gián tiếp, không trích dẫn y nguyên, không kèm dấu ngoặc kép.
Ví dụ:
Xem thêm:
=> TỪ A-Z CẤU TRÚC CÂU GIÁN TIẾP, TRỰC TIẾP TRONG TIẾNG ANH CẦN NHỚ
=> SIÊU HOT! TỔNG HỢP NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH CƠ BẢN TỪ A - Z
Trong tiếng Anh, để chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, bạn cần làm theo 4 bước sau đây:
Bước đầu tiên là chọn động từ tường thuật thích hợp với mục đích truyền tải của người nói (trần thuật, yêu cầu, hỏi,...). Một số động từ tường thuật thường thấy là: said, told, asked, denied, promised, suggested.
Ví dụ:
Linh told me that she had bought a new phone. (Linh nói với tôi là cô ấy đã mua một chiếc điện thoại mới.)
Khi chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, chúng ta cần hiểu rằng người nói chỉ đang kể lại lời nói của một người trong quá khứ. Do đó, trong câu gián tiếp, động từ trong mệnh đề được tường thuật cần phải lùi lại 1 thì so với thời điểm nói. Cụ thể:
(Ví dụ: is/ are talking → was/ were talking)
(Ví dụ: has/ have studied → had studied)
(Ví dụ: has/ have been learning → had been learning)
(Ví dụ: was/ were talking → had been talking)
Lưu ý một số trường hợp KHÔNG lùi thì động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật sau:
>> ĐĂNG KÝ CÁC KHOÁ HỌC TIẾNG ANH
Khi chuyển đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, bạn cần lưu ý thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ sở hữu, tân ngữ trong mệnh đề được tường thuật cho phù hợp.
Ví dụ:
“Are they your friends?” Jane asked. → Jane asked me if they were my friends. (Jane hỏi tôi liệu họ có phải là bạn của tôi hay không.)
Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp trong tiếng Anh, bạn còn cần đổi cả một số từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn sau đây:
Ví dụ:
“I went to visit my daughter last week,” Lily said.
→ Lily said she had gone to visit her daughter the week before.
Xem thêm: TỔNG HỢP 3000 TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH THÔNG DỤNG THEO CHỦ ĐỀ
Là dạng câu được dùng để thuật lại các sự việc, miêu tả hoặc nhận định sự việc, trạng thái, tính chất.
Cấu trúc:
S + say(s)/ said + (that) + S + V
Ví dụ:
Susan said, “I have a new boyfriend.”
→ Susan said (that) she had a new boyfriend. (Susan nói rằng cô ấy đã có bạn trai mới.)
S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered + if/ whether + S + V
Ví dụ:
Jack asked me: “Will you go out tonight? → Jack asked me if I would go out that night.” (Jack hỏi tôi liệu tối hôm đó tôi có đi ra ngoài hay không.)
S + asked/ wondered/ wanted to know + Wh-question + S + V
Ví dụ:
My mom asked: “Why did you call her?”
→ My mom wanted to know why I had called her. (Mẹ muốn biết sao tôi lại gọi cho cô ấy.)
Cấu trúc:
S + asked/ told/ requested/ demanded/ required/ order + O + (not) + to V
Ví dụ:
“Turn off your phone! It is too noisy” - she said.
=> She told me to turn off my phone because it was too noisy.
1. "Where is my umbrella?" Linda asked.
→ Linda asked _________________________________
2. “Open the door,” Anne said.
→ Anne told us _________________________________
3. “Will you come to my party?” Sam said to them.
→ Sam invited them _____________________________
4. "Where have you been?" Sunny asked her daughter.
→ Sunny asked her daughter ______________________
5. “I don’t like this red carpet,” she said.
→ She told me __________________________________
6. Naomi said: “Keiko can’t help you tomorrow.”
→ Naomi said ___________________________________
7. "How do you know that?" Kai asked me.
→ Kai wanted to know ____________________________
8. “I want a new jacket for my birthday,” she said.
→ She said that _________________________________
9. “Don’t forget to turn on the light.” Jimmy said.
→ Jimmy reminded me ___________________________
10. “I should go home to cook a meal.” Lan said.
→ Lan told me __________________________________
11. “Stand up, Dan!” the teacher said.
→ The teacher asked Dan _________________________
12. "Are you going to the cinema?" Namjoon asked me.
→ Namjoon wanted to know _______________________
13. Daniel asked: “Where are you going on your vacation this month?
→ Daniel asked me ______________________________
14. “Are you serious?” he asked Tom.
→ He asked Tom ________________________________
15. “Can I meet you at home?” He asked Anna.
→ He asked Anna _______________________________
Đáp án:
1. Linda asked me where her umbrella was.
2. Anne told us to open the door.
3. Sam invited them to come to her party.
4. Sunny asked her daughter where she had been.
5. She told me she didn't like that red carpet.
6. Naomi said Keiko couldn't help me the next day.
7. Kai wanted to know how I knew that.
8. She said that she wanted a new jacket for her birthday.
9. Jimmy reminded me to turn on the light.
10. Lan told me she should go home to cook a meal.
11. The teacher asked Dan to stand up.
12. Namjoon wanted to know if I was going to the cinema.
13. Danieal asked me where I was going on my vacation that month.
14. He asked Tom if he was serious.
15. He asked Anna if he could meet me at home.
1. Sara said she was leaving for LA _________.
A. next week
B. the week previous
C. following week
D. the following week
2. The professor asked students_________ .
A. why did they slept
B. why they were sleeping
C. why they sleep
D. why were they sleeping
3. Daniel said that London _________ more lively than Seoul.
A. is
B. be
C. was
D. were
4. Jack was worried about the exam. Her mom advised him _________.
A. no worry
B. not worry
C. no to worry
D. not to worry
5. He wanted to know where Minh _________.
A. had lived
B. lived
C. was lived
D. has lived
6. Cindy asked me if I _________.
A. had seen that cat
B. saw that cat
C. has seen that cat
D. see that cat
7. Emma asked him _________ .
A. what time does the meeting end
B. what time the meeting end
C. what time the meeting ended
D. what time did the meeting end
8. He _________ me there’s been an accident on Tran Phu Street.
A. asked
B. said
C. spoke
D. told
9. Sandy asked where_________.
A. her book is
B. her book were
C. her book had been
D. her book had been being
10. Luca wonders _________ doing well at school.
A. whether his sisters are
B. if his sisters was
C. his sisters were
D. his sisters are if
11. David asked Jimin why _________ the film the day before.
A. didn’t he watch
B. hadn’t he watched
C. he doesn’t watch
D. he hadn’t watched
12. She asked me if I _________ speak Korean.
A. could
B. can
C.will
D. was
13. She wanted to know what they _________.
A.doing
B. were doing
C. did
D. had been doing
14. Jenny asked her son where the cat_________.
A. was
B. are
C. have been
D. has been
15. Mimi wanted to know if she _________.
A. was going to the cinema
B. went to the cinema
C. goes to the cinema
D. had gone to the cinema
Đáp án:
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. B
11. D
12. A
13. B
14. A
15. A
1. “How are you?” Kathy asked.
A. Kathy asked me how are you.
B. Kathy asked me how I am
C. Kathy asked me how was I.
D. Kathy asked me how I was.
2. Joe asked her: “Where are you going?”
A. Joe asked her where was she going.
B. Joe asked her where she was going.
C. Joe asked her where is she going.
D. Joe asked her where she is going.
3. “Sit down,” said the teacher to the child.
A. The teacher told the child to sit down.
B. The teacher said the child to sit down.
C. The teacher told the child sit down.
D. The teacher told to the child to sit down.
4. “I didn’t meet Kai last week”, he said.
A. He said he didn’t meet Kai the week before.
B. He said he hasn’t met Kai last week.
C. He said he hadn’t met Kai last week.
D. He said he hadn’t met Kai the week before.
5. “We are ready to start a new program”, they said to me.
A. They told me they are ready to start a new program.
B. They told me they will ready to start a new program.
C. They told me we were ready to start a new program.
D. They told me they were ready to start a new program.
6. “I have finished the project”, Nana said to me.
A. Nana told me she has finished the project.
B. Nana told me she finished the project.
C. Nana told me she had finished the project.
D. Nana told me she has been finished the project.
7. “Please bring me some tomato soup,” he said to the waitress.
A. He asked the waitress bring him some tomato soup.
B. He asked the waitress to bring her some tomato soup.
C. He asked the waitress to bring him some tomato soup.
D. He asked the waitress bring her some tomato soup.
8 “Don’t move!”, she said to me.
A. She told me don’t move.
B. She told to me not to move.
C. She told me not to move.
D. She said to me don’t move.
9. “I wrote a letter yesterday”, she said.
A. She told me she had written a letter the day before.
B. She said to me I wrote a letter the day before.
C. She told me she had written a letter yesterday.
D. She told me she wrote a letter yesterday.
10 “Could you lend me some money?”, San asked me.
A. San asked me can you lend him some money.
B. San asked me could you lend him some money.
C. San asked me if I can lend him some money.
D. San asked me if I could lend him some money.
Đáp án
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
6. C
7. C
8. C
9. A
10. D
Bài viết trên đã tổng hợp lại các kiến thức hữu ích xoay quanh điểm ngữ pháp câu tường thuật trong tiếng Anh. Các bạn có thể tham khảo và hoàn thành các bài tập câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp ở trên để nắm vững được toàn bộ cấu trúc nhé!
Link nội dung: https://ausp.edu.vn/bai-tap-cau-truc-tiep-gian-tiep-co-dap-an-a26030.html